Freezing resistance and behavior of winter buds and canes of wine grapes cultivated in northern Japan

In high-latitude regions, the cold hardiness of buds and canes grapevine is important for budburst time yield in next season. The freezing resistance sampled from six wine grapes currently cultivated Hokkaido, Japan, all them grown autumn to winter, was investigated. A significant difference between cultivars their detected harvested winter. addition, outstanding differences lower temperature exotherms (LTE) related supercooling ability tissue cells happened winter buds, there a close relationship LTE buds. This suggests that strongly resistance. However, detailed electron microscopy exposed among appeared behavior leaf primordium rather than apical meristem. indicated as water mobility bud meristem spaces around cane phloem progressed, slightly dehydrated improved increased